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《克罗谈期货交易策略》
Kroll on Futures Trading Strategy (Stanley Kroll, 1988)
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以下是书的引子和序:
FOREWORD
引子
In John Train’s excellent book, The Money Masters, he writes about the careers and professional methods of nine great investors. Among them are several stars whose names are well known to all of us - Warren Buffet, Benjamin Graham, T. Rowe Price, Larry Tisch, and John Templeton. There, among this “Murderers’ Row” of investors, you will also find the name of Stanley Kroll. Train describes the commodities business, where Stanley made his money, as an “impossible casino.” If this is so, Kroll has had some good runs at the gaming table, and they clearly are no accident or mere luck.
在《股市大亨》这本佳作中,作者约翰•崔恩描述了9位投资大师的生平事迹和专业技能。其中几位明星——沃伦•巴菲特,本杰明•格雷厄姆,T•洛威•普莱斯,拉里•狄许和约翰•坦普顿,他们都是我们熟悉的大师。在这些堪称“谋杀者行列”的投资者中,你也能找到斯坦利•克罗的大名。崔恩描述了斯坦利在“不可能赌场”中赚钱的期货交易。果真如此,克罗在赌桌上的确演出了几场精彩好戏,这绝非意外或纯属运气。
In the 1970s, Stanley had a three-year run during which he built $18,000 of his own money into $1 million. And he performed with equally spectacular skill for his partners. It’s best to leave the other tales of Stanley’s exploits to readers of Train’s book. Suffice it to say that they are impressive displays of guts and brains.
70年代,斯坦利有一场为时3年的演出,他将自己的18000元增值到100万元,他为他的合伙人也赚到了相同的报酬。斯坦利其它的精彩演出,读者可以从崔恩的著作一窥究竟。不用多说,这些表现明白地展现出他的胆识和智慧。
I am not a “commodities man” myself. I try to stick to the paths that I understand better, primarily equities and debt instruments. For me, reading Kroll on Futures Trading Strategy was an education. The thing that most impresses me about the book is that virtually all the major tenets of Kroll’s advice are rooted in a constant regard for discipline and common sense. In short, the best parts of his advice share the underpinnings of any good investment strategy - watch the markets carefully, do copious research, and keep a level head. As Stanley points out, hapless traders act “on the basis of emotion instead of discipline, sentiment instead of logic, and subjectivity instead of objectivity.”
我并非“期货人”。我试图坚守在自己比较了解的金融工具,主要是股票和债券。对我而言,阅读《克罗谈期货交易策略》是一种学习。令我印象最深刻的是,克罗建议中最重要的原则几乎完全根植于对纪律和常识的关注。简而言之,他更佳的建议透露出一切良好投资策略的基础——用心观察市场,深入研究,保持客观。斯坦利指出,不幸的交易者“根据情绪而非纪律,依据感觉而非逻辑,以主观而非客观行事。”
Stanley’s trading philosophy draws most of its important principles from a central core that is key to almost all investing - identify the major ongoing trend of each market and trade in the direction of the dominant trend. Most really savvy investors know that this is as much a key of making money in equities as it is in commodities. One of the reasons that Stanley is highly regarded and has done so well is that his feet are grounded in concrete and not in clay.
斯坦利的交易哲学从一个核心思想导出若干重要原则,这个核心思想几乎是所有投资行为的关键——辨别出市场的重大趋势,并且顺势交易。多数聪明的投资者都明白这个核心思想,在期货市场和股票市场获利的关键是一样的。斯坦利表现良好且受重视的原因之一,即是他脚踏实地而非浮沙建塔。
When you meet Stanley, as I have many times, you are immediately impressed by how little this expert on commodities claims to know. This is one of the greatest strengths of most real experts. They don’t get overly confident or pretend omniscience. Better to constantly assume that you don’t know enough and constantly investigate your assumptions and numbers; hence, another important Kroll tenet-play in the real world. As he puts it, “the need for a disciplined and objective approach to futures trading is a recurring theme in this book.” Realistically, it is the theme of the book.
如果你见到斯坦利,会和我见到他一样,他认为交易期货不需要了解太多的东西,你会对这个观点印象深刻。这也正是大多数真正专家最突出的优点之一。他们不会过度自信或假装什么都知道。更好是承认自己知识不足,而不断研究自己的假设和数字。斯坦利另一个重要原则是——做真实的交易。正如他所说,“期货交易所需要的纪律和客观 *** 是本书一再重复的主题。”其实,这就是本书的主题。
Reading Kroll on Futures Trading Strategy can do a little something for all investors. It will not make you into an avid commodities trader overnight, but there is solid advice for each of us. For the novice, it brings a sense, stated in plain English, of how these markets operate and what investing “systems” can work well. For the expert, the book contains plenty of details for resharpening already good steel. For the investor in general, Stanley offers a sense of what makes good investors really good - consistent hard effort on research and the discipline to put it to work participating in significant market trends. Everyone with money in any market can benefit from a healthy dose of Stanley’s advice.
阅读《克罗谈期货交易策略》一书,能使所有投资者有所收获。它不会让你一夜之间成为鲜活的期货交易者,但本书为我们提供了可靠的建议。对新手而言,书中用平铺直叙的文字告诉你市场是如何运作的,以及哪种投资“系统”能带来利润。对专家而言,本书的很多细节能让你锦上添花。对于普通投资者而言,斯坦利提出优秀投资者成功的线索——不断努力研究,并且付诸行动,以有纪律的方式顺势交易。任何投资者都可以从斯坦利的合理建议中受益。
Douglas A. McIntyre
President Publisher
FINANCIAL WORLD
New York City
May 27, 1987
道格拉斯•A•麦金太尔
总裁兼发行人
《金融世界》杂志
纽约市
1987年5月27日
PREFACE
作者序言
The fund manager from Seattle, visibly agitated, had been giving me a hard time. It was a bleak mid-November afternoon in 1985, and he had come to Port Washington to talk to me about his futures trading. As we sat in the paneled salon of my boat-cum-office-cum-residence, he painfully described how he had been whipsawed in soybeans over the past year in a succession of losing trades - despite what appeared to have been a reasonably (down) trending market. Trouble was, he had allowed himself to be influenced by news, TV reports, and trade gossip. Although he had gotten onto the right (short) side of the market at times, he invariably panicked (he called it “defensive posturing”) and closed out his good positions at nearly every countertrend rally that came along. He somehow “managed” to hang onto his losing trades during this period, which considerably worsened his already di *** al performance. His state of mind during our meeting matched his gloomy track record.
西雅图来访的基金经理人,显然情绪不安,给我带来了挑战。那是1985年11月中旬一个寒冷的下午,他来到华盛顿港,和我讨论他的期货交易。当时我们坐在既是住处又是办公室的船舱中,他痛苦地描述着,过去几年他一直在黄豆市场惨遭洗盘,造成一连串损失的经历——他竟然看不出来那是个很合理的下跌趋势。他的问题是,他让自己受到新闻、电视报导和小道消息的影响。虽然有时候他会抓对市场趋势(下跌),却始终受到惊吓(他称之为“防守”),总是在之后的行情反弹时平仓了。不知为何,他又会抱牢亏钱的仓位,使得原本表现欠佳的成绩雪上加霜。他和我谈话时所表露的心态,和他差劲的交易纪录吻合。
Having gotten his grim confession off his chest, he asked, rather testily, what my trading system had done in beans over the period. “It’s been short since June 11,” was my response. “June 11? What’s so great about that,” he managed to grumble, mentally calculating the time interval as being just five months. “June 11 of 1984,” I replied. A long silence ensued. We both knew that, having being continuously short of soybeans for the past 17 months, the profit in the position exceeded $10,000 per contract.
在一吐心中愤闷后,他不耐烦地问道,我的交易系统这段时间在黄豆市场的表现如何?我回答,“从6月11日开始,交易系统一直指示做空,”。“6月11日?那有什么了不起,”他嘟囔着,心里想这只不过是5个月的时间。我回答说,“1984年6月11日,”接着便是一段沉默。我们两人都明白,如果过去17个月持续做空黄豆,每份合约的利润会超过10000元。
Regrettably, this sort of conversation has been repeated countless times over the past 30 years, leading me to the inescapable conclusion that each trader’s worst enemy is neither the market nor the other players. It is he, himself…aided and abetted by his misguided hopes and fears, his lack of discipline to trade with the trend and to allow profits to run while limiting losses on bad positions, his boredom and inertia, his apparent need for “action,” and his lack of confidence in his own (frequently correct) *** ysis and trading decisions.
遗憾的是,过去30年来,这类谈话一直重复不断,我得下结论说,任何一位交易者更大的敌人绝不是市场或其他玩家,而是他自己。他们的缺点表现在:受到妄想的鼓舞,受到恐惧的教唆,没有顺势交易,不会“截住损失,让利润奔跑”,感到无聊,坏习惯,冲动交易,对自己(经常是正确的)分析和交易决策缺乏信心。
Someone once said that the surest way to make a *** all fortune in futures trading is to start with a large fortune. Unfortunately, there is considerable truth in that bit of cynical logic. Clearly, the losers outnumber the winners by a substantial margin. So what is it that continues to attract an increasing number of investors to this game? For me, it is the knowledge-confirmed by nearly 30 years of personal experience - that the futures market is clearly the best way for an investor to have the opportunity to parlay a modest initial stake into a substantial fortune. For a trade firm or financial institution the futures markets present a means of laying off (hedging) financial risks and, in fact, having the potential to make a profit on dealings that would otherwise be a sure loss. Countless family fortunes and international mercantile empires had their humble beginnings in canny and profitable commodity dealings.
有人曾经说,要想在期货交易上赚到一笔财富,最确定的 *** 是先要拥有一大笔财富。不幸的事是,这种愤世嫉俗式的逻辑却隐含着普遍的真理。很明显,输家比赢家多得多。既然如此,为什么这个游戏仍然能吸引一批又一批投资者?根据我近30年来的经验,我认为期货市场显然对投资者而言,诱惑就是一开始就有机会以一小笔赌本赢到巨大财富。对贸易商和金融机构而言,期货市场则提供了一种对冲财务风险的 *** ,而且还能够在交易中获利,相反,也会亏损。无数家族的财富以及国际商业王国都是以精明且获利十足的期货交易起家的。
But surely it takes far more than desire and wishful thinking for the operator to break into the winners circle. To be successful, an investor must be practical and objective, pragmatic and disciplined, and, above all, independent and confident in his *** ysis and market strategy. One maxim, which has consistently guided me during scores of trading campaigns, comes from Jesse Livermore, perhaps the most successful lone market operator during the first half of this century: “There is only one side of the market, and it is not the bull side or bear side, but the right side.”
交易者要想进入赢家行列,光有欲望和一厢情愿的想法是肯定不行的。要想成功,投资者必须实际而且客观,务实而且守纪律,更重要的是,要独立,并对自己独到的分析和市场策略满怀信心。在无数次的交易中,始终指引我的一句名言即来自于杰西•利弗莫尔,他或许是本世纪头50年间最成功的独立交易者。他表示:“市场只有一个方向,不是多头,也不是空头,而是做对的方向。”
I’ve spent my entire professional career as a practitioner in quest of speculative profits. But I still consider myself both student and practitioner for, in reality, you never stop learning about markets, price trends, and trading strategy. After all these years, I’m still concerned with the quest for profits - no, for substantial profits - from the markets. Considering the tremendous financial risks involved, the emotional strain, and the feelings of loneliness, isolation, self-doubt, and, at times, sheer terror which are the futures operator’s almost constant companions, you shouldn’t be content with merely making “profits.” Substantial profits must be your goal.
我一生以追求投机利润作为我的专业生涯。但我还是认定自己即是学生又是专业交易者,毕竟在现实里,你必须坚持研究市场、价格趋势和交易策略。经历这些年,我仍关心从市场上获取利润——不,是获取暴利。但在衡量巨大的财务风险、紧张、孤独、孤立、疑虑、甚至莫名的恐惧,当然这几乎都是期货交易者的经常伴侣,你不应该只以“利润”为满足,暴利必须成为你的目标。
That is what this book is all about. It’s about the strategy and the tactics of seeking substantial profits from the markets. It’s about getting aboard a significant trend near its inception and riding it to as near to its conclusion as humanly possible. It is about making more on your winning trades and losing less on your losers. It is about pyramiding your winning positions to maximize profits while keeping losses under control.
这就是本书所要谈的。本书内容涉及从市场赚取暴利的策略以及战术。本书要谈的是如何在市场即将发动大行情之际上车,并且力所能及地稳坐到行情结束。本书内容也包括教你如何在赚钱的交易赚得更多,在亏钱的交易亏得更少。本书也会告诉你在赚钱的仓位中以金字塔方式加仓以追求更大利润并控制好亏损。
It is my belief, confirmed in the real world of tens of thousands of trades made by hundreds of traders, that viable money management strategy and tactics are as important to an overall profitable operation as a first-class trading system or technique.
我相信,已经有几百个交易者通过成千上万次的交易实战确认了,有效的资金管理策略和战术,与一流的交易系统或技术一样重要。
And, although I would ideally prefer to have both, my priority would be for the best in strategy and tactics. You will do better, in my option, with first-class strategy and tactics and a mediocre trading system than the reverse. A significant portion of this book will be concerned with elaborating on that premise because I consider first-class strategy and tactics as the linchpin of any successful trading campaign.
另外,对于上面所说的,虽然理想上我希望二者兼备,但我会首选一流的策略和战术,辅以普通的交易系统。我认为,如果运用一流的策略和战术,辅以普通的交易系统,结果会比你运用一流的交易系统,辅以普通的策略和战术要好。本书大部分内容会详细说明这个结论,因为我认为一流的策略和战术是一切成功交易的关键。
One final word before you embark on this book. Readers may write to me, in care of the publisher, about any aspects of this book they would like to discuss further. I will respond to the best of my ability and time availability.
在阅读本书之前,还要提醒一点。读者可以写信给我,请出版商转交,我愿意进一步和读者讨论书中的任何问题。我会尽已所能并抓紧时间回复。(张轶注:克罗在1999年去世了。)
Stanley Kroll
斯坦利•克罗
【一阳】股指期货实战指引 PDF电子书.PDF,免费下载
链接:
提取码: ikn2
本书旨在帮助投资者在股指期货巿场既能赚到钱又能有效地防范各种风险,用四章的篇幅详细地阐述指数与股指期货的关系、分析指数确定股指期货的操作策略、通过个股确定股指期货的操作策略等问题。读者如果能熟练掌握、灵活运用,投资中国股指期货市场就能赚钱,就可以将风险控制到很小,甚至可以做到零风险。
据宗迹期货数据(一站式期货数据决策,提供期货基本面数据、资金数据、研报等)官方了解到:
期货投资是相对于现货交易的一种交易方式,它是在现货交易的基础上发展起来的。通过在期货交易所买卖标准化的期货合约而进行的一种有组织的交易方式。期货交易的对象并不是商品(标的物)本身,而是商品(标的物)的标准化合约,即标准化的远期合同。投资者在学习期货基础知识的时候要知道期货投资的必备都要哪些,这样才可以更好的做好期货交易。
1.行情系统和交易软件
当前期货交易已经大都通过互联网完成。客户在完成开户以后,期货经纪公司会告知客户行情系统软件和交易系统软件的下载地址,并提供相应的账户号和交易初始密码。客户在计算机上安装好下载的软件后,就可以上网看到实际的行情,并查阅自己的账户交易及资金情况。
2.日常相关信息的收集
期货交易活动是以现货交易为基础的。期货价格和现货价格之间有着很密切的关系。在现实市场中,期货价格不但受到商品供求情况的影响,而且还受到很多非供求因素的影响。这也是投资者需要学习的基本期货知识。这些非供求因素主要是:金融货币因素、政治因素、政策因素、投机因素、心理预期等。这些信息在各个期货公司网站和期货专业网站上,都能够查到每天的最新讯息。
3.值得关注的国外期货品种
随着世界经济的全球化,世界各地的商品价格波动呈现出紧密的相关性。国内商品期货的品种和国际市场有不同程度的联动性。值得关注的国外期货品种有:英国伦敦金属交易所的铜、铝;美国商品交易所的铜;美国芝加哥期货交易所的黄豆、豆粕、小麦、玉米;美国纽约棉花交易所的棉花;新加坡国际金融交易所的燃料油等。
[img]期货交易软件好用的有文华财经、博易大师、易盛、松鼠期货、步刻期货。
1、文华财经
文华财经软件的优点就是简约的界面在视觉上给人一种很舒服的感觉,也有了立刻上手的惯性思维,而且三键下单、画线下单、拖线止损这三大优势对客户有一定的吸引。
2、博易大师
独立高速的行情资源,集成自定义指标实用工具并且支持夜盘行情K线连续,特有的快捷键F11金仕达下单、F12闪电手下单 也为博易大师吸收了一大批忠实的粉丝。
3、易盛
易盛的优势就是他的数据是和交易所同步的,而且易盛系统的容量很大,不容易造成堵单。易盛的一键下单设置好以后,完全可以放弃鼠标,还可以进行倍数下单(加仓),同时易盛一键套利很方便,在速度上绝对占有优势。
4、松鼠期货
松鼠期货app为用户提供即时期货行情讯息,松鼠期货app包括原油期货、黄金期货、现货、贵金属、美白银、美原油、股指、恒指、小恒指、德指、螺纹钢、沪镍、沪银、富时A50、农产品等交易所价格行情。还有实时对接的财经日历提醒用户不会错过重要数据公布。
5、步刻期货
步刻期货app是期货交易者,期货从业者必备的投资学习工具,步刻期货app包括大量期货品种的交易 *** ,交易知识,例如:恒生指数、富时A50、纳斯达克指数、标准普尔指数、纽约道琼斯指数、IF沪深300指数。
扩展资料:
IH上证50指数、IC中证500指数、德国DEX指数、日经指数、螺纹钢、美铜以及各类外汇、股票、期权等,通过使用该工具进行大量知识的学习,能够让投资者发现行情潜在的买入卖出点,从而稳健获利。
世界上的金属期货交易主要集中在伦敦金属交易所、纽约商业交易所和东京工业品交易所。尤其是伦敦金属交易所期货合约的交易价格被世界各地公认为是有色金属交易的定价标准。我国上海期货交易所的铜期货交易成长迅速。
铜单品种成交量,已超过纽约商业交易所居全球第二位。 通常有色金属期货一般也叫做金属期货,有色金属指除黑色金属(铁、铬,锰)以外的所有金属。
其中,金、银、铂、钯因其价值高被称为贵金属。有色金属质量、等级和规格容易划分,交易量大,价格容易波动,耐储藏,很适合作为期货交易品种。
交易的主要品种包括铜、铝、锌、锡、镍、铝合金期货合约,铜是其中的领头产品,它也是之一个被设立的金属期货交易品种,具有100多年的历史。
期货(Futures)与现货相对。期货是现在进行买卖,但是在将来进行交收或交割的标的物,这个标的物可以是某种商品(例如黄金、原油、农产品),也可以是金融工具,还可以是金融指标。交收期货的日子可以是一星期之后,一个月之后,三个月之后,甚至一年之后。买卖期货的合同或者协议叫做期货合约。买卖期货的场所叫做期货市场。投资者可以对期货进行投资或投机。对期货的不恰当投机行为,例如无货沽空,可以导致金融市场的动荡。
期货的英文为Futures,是由“未来”一词演化而来。其含义是:交易双方不必在买卖发生的初期就交收实货,而是共同约定在未来的某一时候交收实货,因此中国人就称其为“期货”。
最初的期货交易是从现货远期交易发展而来。最初的现货远期交易是双方口头承诺在某一时间交收一定数量的商品,后来随着交易范围的扩大,口头承诺逐渐被买卖契约代替。这种契约行为日益复杂化,需要有中间人担保,以便监督买卖双方按期交货和付款,于是便出现了1571年伦敦开设的世界之一家商品远期合同交易所———皇家交易所。为了适应商品经济的不断发展,改进运输与储存条件,为会员提供信息,1848年,82位商人发起组织了芝加哥期货交易所(CBOT);1851年芝加哥期货交易所引进远期合同;1865年芝加哥谷物交易所推出了一种被称为“期货合约”的标准化协议,取代原先沿用的远期合同。这种标准化合约,允许合约转手买卖,并逐步完善了保证金制度,于是一种专门买卖标准化合约的期货市场形成了,期货成为投资者的一种投资理财工具。1882年交易所允许以对冲方式免除履约责任,增加了期货交易的流动性。
中国期货市场产生的背景是粮食流通体制的改革。随着国家取消农产品的统购统销政策、放开大多数农产品价格,市场对农产品生产、流通和消费的调节作用越来越大,农产品价格的大起大落和现货价格的不公开以及失真现象、农业生产的忽上忽下和粮食企业缺乏保值机制等问题引起了领导和学者的关注。能不能建立一种机制,既可以提供指导未来生产经营活动的价格信号,又可以防范价格波动造成市场风险成为大家关注的重点。1988年2月,国务院领导指示有关部门研究国外的期货市场制度,解决国内农产品价格波动问题,1988年3月,七届人大一次会议的《 *** 工作报告》提出:积极发展各类批发贸易市场,探索期货交易。拉开了中国期货市场研究和建设的序幕。
《期权、期货及其他衍生产品》([加拿大] 约翰 ·C·赫尔)电子书网盘下载免费在线阅读
链接:
提取码:1234
书名:期权、期货及其他衍生产品
作者:[加拿大] 约翰 ·C·赫尔
译者:王勇
豆瓣评分:8.8
出版社:机械工业出版社
出版年份:2009-1
页数:589
内容简介:
《期权、期货及其他衍生产品》对金融衍生品市场中期权与期货的基本理论进行了系统阐述,提供了大量业界事例。主要讲述了期货市场的运作机制、采用期货的对冲策略、远期及期货价格的确定、期权市场的运作过程、期权市场的运作过程、股票期权的性质、期权交易策略以及信用衍生产品、布莱克-斯科尔斯模型、希腊值及其运用、气候和能源与保险衍生产品等。
作者简介:
约翰·赫尔(John C.Hull),衍生产品和风险管理教授,在衍生产品和风险管理领域享有盛名,研究领域包括信用风险、经理股票期权、波动率曲面、市场风险以及利率衍生产品。他和艾伦·怀特(Alan White)教授研发出的赫尔一怀特(Hull-White)利率模型荣获Nikko-LOR大奖。他曾为北美、日本和欧洲多家金融机构提供金融咨询。 约翰·赫尔教授著有《风险管理与金融机构》、《期权、期货及其他衍生产品》和《期权与期货市场基本原理》等金融专著。这些著作被翻译成多种语言,并在世界不同地区的交易大厅中广泛采用。赫尔曾荣获多项大奖,其中包括多伦多大学著名的Northrop Frye教师大奖,在1999年他被国际金融工程协会(International Association of Financial Engineers)评为年度金融工程大师(Financial Engineer of the Year)。 约翰·赫尔教授现任职于多伦多大学罗特曼管理学院,曾任教于加拿大约克大学、美国纽约大学、英国克兰菲尔德大学、英国伦敦商学院等。他现为8个学术杂志的编委。
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